精细化管理在油气输送钢管制造企业中的构建与实施

论述了以＂五精四细＂为模式的精细化管理在渤海石油装备华油钢管公司内的构建和实施。详细阐述了＂五精四细＂的基本内涵,即五精之精化、五精之精髓、五精之精品、五精之精通、五精之精密、四细之细分、四细之细密、四细之细化、四细之细则。通过实施精细化管理,企业管理水平得到全方位提升     

国外油公司浅层气钻井整体解决方案介绍

浅层气钻井作业属于高风险的高危作业,为了预防浅层气井喷,世界上很多国家的石油公司都制定了有关浅层气钻井的强制标准和作业指导。介绍了国外油公司对浅层气钻井的应对措施和整体解决方案要点,内容涉及浅层气钻井策略要点、风险评估、设计要求、施工措施等方面。     

油气输送管驻厂监造的发展

油气输送管驻厂监造对提高钢管质量、保证管道服役安全发挥了重要作用。对驻厂监造和建设工程监理进行了比较,介绍了中国石油集团公司设备监理开展情况和油气输送管驻厂监造机制的产生、发展历程,以及油气输送管推行驻厂监造机制所取得的成果和驻厂监造的发展方向。     

Emerging risk of autoignition and fire in underground coal storage

The risk and prevention of autoignition in underground coal storage facilities are reviewed in the light of the recent incidents of smouldering fires. Also, the opportunities are considered on the efficiency of the alternatives to prevent and extinguish closed-space fires. The complexities in avoiding and extinguishing underground fires are highlighted in the case example, describing the observations and outcome of a smouldering coal fire in the storage. The principles of self-heating and most critical factors in spontaneous combustion such as the condition and quality of coal are fairly well known, but usually only provide partial help in fire prevention. The documented cases and the case example suggest that nitrogen injection can be useful for extinguishing controllable fires. Three-phase foams and oxygen-displacing exhaust gases appear preferable against uncontrolled fires, particularly if access to the fire area is limited or impossible. Otherwise, efficient fire extinction during power plant operation can be challenging, as any air ingress tends to feed the fire and results in losses of the extinguishing agent and the heating value of coal. Methods and indicators for detecting and predicting the ignition are discussed, and improvements are suggested to enhance the storage and plant availability.     

柴达木循环经济的分析

主要介绍了位于青海省的柴达木盆地蕴涵着丰富的自然资源,通过近两代人的不懈努力对盐湖资源的开发和利用,同时也对不同的自然资源进行可行性分析,不断地开发和利用新技术使国家的自然资源进行了有效的利用,同时为国家和社会创造了巨大的社会效益和经济效益。对钾盐资源、金属镁资源、天然气资源、煤资源的利用进行了全方位的经济分析。     

浅谈节能新技术在邯钢的应用

本文简要介绍了邯钢在生产的各个环节上应用的节能环保与能源开发新技术及项目实施对邯钢西区循环经济、节能环保、清洁生产的重要作用。     

高瓦斯无双巷前进式采煤探讨

高瓦斯前进式采煤有效地解决了高瓦斯工作面上转角瓦斯易积聚问题,降低了矿井掘进率,缓解了衰老矿井采煤工作面的接续紧张的状况,可实现煤岩分运,减少煤炭损失。     

60万吨/年气体分馏装置开工技术探讨

在60万吨/年气体分馏装置的开工过程中出现了严重问题。通过分析找出了开工失败的主要原因:设计和操作误差、丙烷压缩机可调范围问题、脱丙烷塔操作不稳定。通过对脱丙烷塔系统进行稳定的操作、新鲜组分对系统进行置换、调整化验分析频次以及调校仪表等操作最终开车成功。     

The Swedish Salt Market during the Great Northern War

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to examine the effects of the great naval blockade on the Swedish salt market during the Great Northern War (1700–1721). Whether or not salt can be perceived as a strategic good subject of wartime shortage is important in interpreting the reasons behind the famous Swedish Navigation Act of 1724. New research claims that the Navigation Act was a welfare enhancing institution, as it helped to secure salt imports. This essay shows that although Sweden was at war with most European Great Powers and the subject of sea blockades during the Great Northern War, the salt market still worked remarkably well. Neither supply nor salt movements show any signs of a great crisis. Thus, there was no need to secure salt imports during the period of peace that followed. Consequently, the Swedish Navigation Act had little to do with welfare but more with rent seeking and monopolies on the freight market.     

Allocating and taxing rights to state-owned minerals

Is Indonesia using the most effective possible strategies to derive revenue from its mineral resources? Auctions and work program bidding are the main ways of allocating mineral leases. In addition to the company taxes applied to all companies, governments can raise revenue from minerals owned by the state through auctions, royalties and rent taxes paid by private firms, and through dividends from state-owned firms. Indonesia uses work program bidding to allocate leases, and its production-sharing contracts are roughly equivalent to a rent tax at a high rate. This paper considers these options for raising revenues from mineral resources. It argues that efficiency and government revenue would both be increased if Indonesia relaxed direct controls on the operations of mining companies, and allocated leases by means of auctions, combined with a much lower rate of rent tax or, better still, a royalty.